COMPOST YARD IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ORIXIMINÁ

Composting Yard in the Municipality of Oriximiná The city of Oriximiná is a major producer of branches resulting from pruning and suppression, mostly promoted by the Urban structure of Oriximiná, with plots of 300 m² and 750 m², resulting in large yards, coupled with the habit of planting large trees which is a characteristic of its inhabitants. In addition, the tree planting on public roads, for the most part, was also done in a disorderly manner and without any technical criteria, favoring the increase of vegetable residues, totaling an average of 200m³/day. Despite there being legal norms regarding the disposal and destination of this residue, they were never followed or enforced. All this production had a specific destination, the landfill, which, mixed with other types of waste, takes on another characteristic that helps increase its polluting/degrading potential. According to estimates made by SEMMA (Municipal Department of Environment) in 2019, almost 60% of all the volume destined for the landfill was of vegetable origin, primarily branches. The need to work with this large volume of waste led to the planning of a way to remove it in a way that was economically viable, practical, and at the same time environmentally safe. Thus, the idea of the Composting Yard emerged. This work was implemented by the Municipal Department of the Environment, in the years 2019/2020, and was conceived, planned, and executed by Mr. Enzio Harada, a Biologist, who was the secretary at the time. For this, a location with suitable relief and logistics was necessary, and it had to be an already consolidated area. Another issue was how to first transform the branches into a product that could be used for compost. The need then arose to acquire a compatible machine, not only for the process itself, but also to meet the demand. The PTU300 Crusher, Lippel brand, was acquired. The work began with the licensing of the area, cleaning, preparation, and delimitation of this area with the necessary structures for the operation of the Yard. Subsequently, 06 public servants were trained to work directly in the crushing process. SEMMA technicians were responsible for guiding the proper handling of the waste at its final destination. The composting process consists of disposing of the crushed material in Leiras with a width of 3m, by 2m in height, managed according to a schedule established due to the characteristics of the composting process phases. The stabilization time of the compost is estimated at 4 months, and products that accelerate this process can be used. The vast majority of the crushed material, about 70%, is mangrove, with the presence of almost 12 species most frequently. Some conditions influence the final result of the compost, such as the seasonality of our climate, the species crushed, the management, and the time between pruning and crushing. The process is environmentally safe and economically viable. Furthermore, it was designed so that, in addition to mitigating an environmental liability, it could bring socio-economic advantages with the use of the compost in agriculture and other activities. This alternative treatment to this large volume of waste we generate also brings another advantage, as it is technically unfeasible to dispose of this waste in a landfill. In addition to the logistics cost, it would drastically reduce the lifespan of the landfill. The crushed material during the 9-month period of 2020 was approximately 3,900 m³, which corresponds to 30,400 m³ of crushed material, and the composting will result in a volume of approximately 1,250 m³, according to sources from the Municipal Department of the Environment. (Data corresponding to the 2020 period). Source: https://bioufopa2020.blogspot.com/2021/04/patio-de-compostagem-no-municipio-de.html?m=1 By Katiane Araújo, Amanda Cristina, and Caroline Azevedo